<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?><rss version="2.0" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom"><channel><title>Notes on NEVERMORE</title><link>https://hych0317.github.io/hugoweb_auto/categories/notes/</link><description>Recent content in Notes on NEVERMORE</description><generator>Hugo -- gohugo.io</generator><language>zh-cn</language><copyright>ychuang</copyright><lastBuildDate>Sun, 24 Aug 2025 21:01:10 +0800</lastBuildDate><atom:link href="https://hych0317.github.io/hugoweb_auto/categories/notes/index.xml" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><item><title>Algorithm</title><link>https://hych0317.github.io/hugoweb_auto/p/algorithm/</link><pubDate>Sun, 24 Aug 2025 21:01:10 +0800</pubDate><guid>https://hych0317.github.io/hugoweb_auto/p/algorithm/</guid><description>&lt;h2 id="数组">数组
&lt;/h2>&lt;ol>
&lt;li>双指针&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>有序数组：左右指针&lt;/li>
&lt;li>无序数组：快慢指针&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;ol start="2">
&lt;li>滑动窗口&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>固定窗口：双指针确定窗口大小&lt;/li>
&lt;li>动态窗口：根据条件动态调整窗口&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;ol start="3">
&lt;li>前缀和&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>计算区间和：prefixSum[j] - prefixSum[i-1]&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;h3 id="题目">题目
&lt;/h3>&lt;p>&lt;em>&lt;strong>27.&lt;/strong>&lt;/em> 移除元素
双指针：fast遍历数组，slow记录不等于 val 的个数（位置）。&lt;br>
if (nums[fast] != val) { nums[slow++] = nums[fast]; }&lt;/p>
&lt;p>&lt;em>&lt;strong>581.&lt;/strong>&lt;/em> 最短无序连续子数组
双指针：从两个方向遍历，找出中间无序数组的左右边界。&lt;/p>
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&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="c1">// 示例1 2 6 5 3 4 7 8&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">max&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Integer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">MIN_VALUE&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">min&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Integer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">MAX_VALUE&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 从左向右，找中间子数组的右边界&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">max&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 对于升序数组，当前元素应大于之前的max&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">max&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 正常更新max&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">else&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 比当前max小的（说明非升序）都在中子数组范围内&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">end&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 从右向左，找左边界&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">min&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 正常更新min&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">min&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">else&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">start&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
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&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;p>&lt;em>&lt;strong>76.&lt;/strong>&lt;/em> 最小覆盖子串
滑动窗口：先统计t中各字符的频次，根据频次特征移动s的窗口
输入：s = &amp;ldquo;ADOBECODEBANC&amp;rdquo;, t = &amp;ldquo;ABC&amp;rdquo;
输出：&amp;ldquo;BANC&amp;rdquo;&lt;/p>
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&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">String&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">minWindow&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">String&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">s&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">String&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">t&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">s&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">||&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">t&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">||&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">s&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">t&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">())&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="s">&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">need&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">128&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">char&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">c&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">:&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">t&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">toCharArray&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">())&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">need&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">c&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 统计t中各字符的频次&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">count&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">t&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// t总字符数&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">start&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">minLen&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Integer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">MAX_VALUE&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">while&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">s&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">())&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">char&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">c&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">s&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">charAt&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">need&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">c&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">count&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">--&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 是t中的字符，计数--&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">need&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">c&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]--&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 对每个字符都执行，&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 因此即使下面d是无关的字符时，其need的值也不会大于0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">while&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">count&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 满足条件，收缩窗口&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">minLen&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 先记录开始位置和长度&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">minLen&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">start&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 收缩窗口&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">char&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">d&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">s&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">charAt&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">need&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">d&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">count&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 刚好用到的字符，移出窗口则count需要++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">need&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">d&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">minLen&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Integer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">MAX_VALUE&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">?&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="s">&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">:&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">s&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">substring&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">start&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">start&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">minLen&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;p>&lt;em>&lt;strong>209.&lt;/strong>&lt;/em> 长度最小的子数组
滑动窗口：right指针扩展窗口，left指针收缩窗口。&lt;br>
注意收缩使用while循环。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>&lt;em>&lt;strong>15.&lt;/strong>&lt;/em> 【三数之和】
排序+双指针：固定一个数，使用左右指针寻找另外两个数。&lt;/p>
&lt;h2 id="链表">链表
&lt;/h2>&lt;p>&lt;em>&lt;strong>19.&lt;/strong>&lt;/em> 删除链表的倒数第N个节点
双指针：first先走n步，然后second和first一起走，直到first到达末尾。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>&lt;em>&lt;strong>160.&lt;/strong>&lt;/em> 链表相交
双指针：pA，pB以不同顺序遍历两个链表，两指针相等时即为相交节点。&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code>&lt;span class="lnt">1
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">2
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">3
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">4
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">5
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">6
&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>
&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="n">ListNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">pA&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">headA&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">pB&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">headB&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">while&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">pA&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">pB&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">pA&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">pA&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">?&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">headB&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">:&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">pA&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">next&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">pB&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">pB&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">?&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">headA&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">:&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">pB&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">next&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">pA&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;p>&lt;em>&lt;strong>142.&lt;/strong>&lt;/em> 环形链表 II
双指针：快慢指针，fast每次走两步，slow每次走一步。&lt;br>
快慢指针相遇后，令另一个指针ptr从head开始每次走一步，其与slow相遇的节点即为环入口。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>原理：设head到环入口距离为a，环入口到相遇点距离为b，相遇点到环入口距离为c。&lt;br>
则有：2(a+b) = a+b+n(b+c) =&amp;gt; a = c + (n-1)(b+c)，即head到环入口距离 = 相遇点到环入口距离加上若干个环的周长。&lt;br>
两倍慢指针路程 = 快指针路程&lt;br>
因此ptr与slow相遇的节点即为环入口。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>&lt;em>&lt;strong>206.&lt;/strong>&lt;/em> 反转链表
使用三个指针：pre，cur，&lt;strong>next&lt;/strong>。next保存cur的下一个节点，防止断链。&lt;/p>
&lt;ol start="234">
&lt;li>回文链表
使用快慢指针找到链表中点，原地反转后半部分链表（保证空间O(1)），然后比较前半部分和反转后的后半部分。&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;h2 id="哈希表">哈希表
&lt;/h2>&lt;p>哈希表：&lt;strong>通过哈希函数将键映射到值&lt;/strong>。&lt;br>
常用操作：插入、删除、查找，平均时间复杂度为O(1)。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>面向问题：元素是否出现过，或是否在集合里&lt;/p>
&lt;h3 id="题目-1">题目
&lt;/h3>&lt;p>&lt;em>&lt;strong>202. 快乐数&lt;/strong>&lt;/em>
对于一个正整数，每一次将该数替换为它每个位置上的数字的平方和，如果这个数最终变为1，那么这个数就是快乐数。也可能进入无限循环。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>使用哈希表记录出现过的平方和，避免进入循环。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>&lt;em>&lt;strong>454.&lt;/strong>&lt;/em> 四数相加 II
哈希表key为前两数组合的和，value为该和出现的次数。&lt;br>
对于后两数组合的和，查找哈希表中是否存在相反数。&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code>&lt;span class="lnt">1
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">2
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">3
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">4
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">5
&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>
&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="n">HashMap&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Integer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Integer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">map&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">HashMap&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">:&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">A&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">:&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">B&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">map&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">put&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">map&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">getOrDefault&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">count&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">:&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">C&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">:&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">D&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">count&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">map&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">getOrDefault&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">),&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">count&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;h2 id="字符串">字符串
&lt;/h2>&lt;p>Java中字符串不可变，修改字符串会创建新对象。&lt;br>
多使用StringBuilder进行字符串拼接。&lt;/p>
&lt;h3 id="题目-2">题目
&lt;/h3>&lt;p>&lt;em>&lt;strong>541.&lt;/strong>&lt;/em> 反转字符串 II
每隔2k个字符反转前k个字符。&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code>&lt;span class="lnt">1
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">2
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">3
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">4
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">5
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">6
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">7
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">8
&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>
&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ch&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">2&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">*&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">k&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Math&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">min&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">k&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ch&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">while&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">char&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">temp&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ch&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ch&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ch&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ch&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">--]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">temp&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;p>&lt;em>&lt;strong>151.&lt;/strong>&lt;/em> 翻转字符串里的单词
去除多余空格，反转整个字符串，再反转每个单词。&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code>&lt;span class="lnt">1
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">2
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">3
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">4
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">5
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">6
&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>
&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="k">while&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// left为整个串的开头位置，不移动&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">end&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">while&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;amp;&amp;amp;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">s&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">charAt&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="sc">&amp;#39; &amp;#39;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">--&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">sb&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">append&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">s&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">substring&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">end&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)).&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">append&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="s">&amp;#34; &amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">while&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;amp;&amp;amp;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">s&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">charAt&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="sc">&amp;#39; &amp;#39;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">--&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 去空格&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;ol start="1047">
&lt;li>删除字符串中的所有相邻重复项
双指针，fast遍历输入串，slow维护结果串。&lt;br>
双指针其实可以理解为分别操作两个串，由于fast一定比slow快，因此可以复用相同空间。&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code>&lt;span class="lnt"> 1
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 2
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 3
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 4
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 5
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 6
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&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>
&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">String&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">removeDuplicates&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">String&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">s&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">char&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ch&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">s&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">toCharArray&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">fast&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">slow&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">while&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">fast&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">s&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()){&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">slow&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;amp;&amp;amp;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ch&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">fast&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ch&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">slow&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">slow&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">--&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 当前slow位置未赋值，slow-1为结果串最后一个位置&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">else&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ch&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">slow&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ch&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">fast&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">fast&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">String&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ch&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">slow&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;h4 id="kmp算法">KMP算法
&lt;/h4>&lt;p>KMP算法：利用已经匹配过的信息，避免重复匹配。时间复杂度O(n+m)。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>构建部分匹配表（next数组）：记录模式串中&lt;strong>每个子串&lt;/strong>前后缀的最长公共部分长度。&lt;br>
i++相当于给当前的子串增加了一个“尾巴”，我们只需要看新加的这个尾巴（s[i]）能不能和前缀新加的那个成员（s[j]）对上。
例如：
ababab next数组为[0,0,1,2,3,4]；
aabcaa next数组为[0,1,0,0,1,2]；
aabcaab next数组为[0,1,0,0,1,2,3]；&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code>&lt;span class="lnt"> 1
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 2
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 3
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 4
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 5
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 6
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 7
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 8
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 9
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">10
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">11
&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>
&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">next&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 前缀末尾，也是最长公共部分长度&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 后缀末尾&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">while&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;amp;&amp;amp;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">pattern&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">charAt&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">pattern&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">charAt&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">))&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">next&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 回溯到上个匹配位置&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">pattern&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">charAt&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">pattern&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">charAt&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">))&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">next&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;p>&lt;em>&lt;strong>28.&lt;/strong>&lt;/em> 实现 strStr()
返回子串在主串中第一次出现的位置。&lt;/p>
&lt;ol>
&lt;li>使用双指针遍历主串和子串。&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code>&lt;span class="lnt"> 1
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 2
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 3
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 4
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 5
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 6
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 7
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 8
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 9
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">10
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">11
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">12
&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>
&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">while&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">s&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">())&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">s&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">charAt&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">sub&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">charAt&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">))&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">sub&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">())&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">else&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 下面有left++，不用加1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;ol start="2">
&lt;li>使用KMP算法。
先构建模式串的next数组，然后使用双指针遍历主串和模式串。&lt;br>
此时回溯时不需要回溯主串指针，只需根据next数组&lt;strong>回溯模式串指针&lt;/strong>。&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;p>&lt;em>&lt;strong>459.&lt;/strong>&lt;/em> 重复的子字符串
判断字符串是否由重复的子字符串构成。&lt;/p>
&lt;ol>
&lt;li>将字符串与自身拼接，去掉首尾字符后，判断原字符串是否在新字符串中出现。&lt;/li>
&lt;li>使用KMP算法，构建next数组。&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code>&lt;span class="lnt">1
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">2
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">3
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">4
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">5
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">6
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">7
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">8
&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>
&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">s&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">next&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// i为后缀末尾，j为前缀末尾&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">while&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;amp;&amp;amp;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">s&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">charAt&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">s&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">charAt&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">))&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">next&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">s&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">charAt&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">s&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">charAt&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">))&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">next&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">next&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;amp;&amp;amp;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">%&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">next&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">true&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 注意判断条件，next[n-1]&amp;gt;0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;h2 id="栈和队列">栈和队列
&lt;/h2>&lt;ol start="232">
&lt;li>用栈实现队列
使用两个栈实现，一个只用于输入，一个只用于输出。&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code>&lt;span class="lnt"> 1
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 2
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 3
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 4
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 5
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 6
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 7
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 8
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 9
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">10
&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>
&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="c1">// 核心函数&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 输出栈为空时才将输入栈元素弹出压入输出栈&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 因此中途入队的元素不会影响出队顺序，每个元素都只翻转一次&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">private&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">void&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">dump&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stackout&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">isEmpty&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">())&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">while&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stackin&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">isEmpty&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">())&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stackout&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">push&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stackin&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">pop&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">());&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;ol start="225">
&lt;li>
&lt;p>用队列实现栈
将除了队列尾部的元素依次出队再入队，最后一个元素即为栈顶元素。&lt;/p>
&lt;/li>
&lt;li>
&lt;p>逆波兰表达式求值
遇到数字入栈，遇到运算符出栈两个数字进行运算，结果入栈。&lt;/p>
&lt;/li>
&lt;li>
&lt;p>滑动窗口最大值&lt;/p>
&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code>&lt;span class="lnt"> 1
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&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">maxSlidingWindow&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">k&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">||&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">k&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">res&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">k&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Deque&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Integer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ArrayDeque&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">while&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">isEmpty&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;amp;&amp;amp;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">peekLast&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">pollLast&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 出队所有比当前位置小的，因此队列中必为降序&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">offerLast&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 入队&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">peekFirst&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">k&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 判断队首是否出窗口范围（用&amp;lt;=）&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">pollFirst&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">k&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">res&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">k&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">peekFirst&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">res&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;ol start="347">
&lt;li>前K个高频元素
使用小顶堆维护前k个高频元素。&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code>&lt;span class="lnt"> 1
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&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">22
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">23
&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>
&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">topKFrequent&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">k&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Map&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Integer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Integer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">map&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">HashMap&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">num&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">:&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">map&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">put&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">num&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">map&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">getOrDefault&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">num&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 最小堆：按出现次数排序&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Map&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">Entry&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Integer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Integer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">pq&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">PriorityQueue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">((&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">a&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">b&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">a&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">getValue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">b&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">getValue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">());&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Map&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">Entry&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Integer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Integer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">entry&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">:&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">map&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">entrySet&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">())&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// entrySet() 遍历键值对&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">pq&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">offer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">entry&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">pq&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">size&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">k&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 个数超过k，弹出优先级最高（最小）元素&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">pq&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">poll&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">result&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">k&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">k&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">result&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">pq&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">poll&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">().&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">getKey&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">result&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;h2 id="二叉树">二叉树
&lt;/h2>&lt;h3 id="基础知识">基础知识
&lt;/h3>&lt;ol>
&lt;li>特殊二叉树：满二叉树、完全二叉树、平衡二叉树、二叉搜索树、堆。&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>满二叉树：每层节点数都达到最大值，深度为k时有2^k-1个节点。&lt;/li>
&lt;li>完全二叉树：除最后一层外都是满的，最后一层节点从左到右连续排列。&lt;/li>
&lt;li>平衡二叉树：任意节点的左右子树高度差不超过1。&lt;/li>
&lt;li>二叉搜索树：左子树所有节点值&amp;lt;根节点值&amp;lt;右子树所有节点值。&lt;/li>
&lt;li>堆：完全二叉树，父节点值总是大于/小于子节点值（大顶堆/小顶堆）。&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;ol start="2">
&lt;li>&lt;strong>遍历方式&lt;/strong>：前序、中序、后序、层序。&lt;br>
&lt;em>其实就是处理左右子节点的顺序不同：&lt;/em>&lt;br>
前序：根-&amp;gt;左-&amp;gt;右 &lt;strong>约等于对应自顶向下&lt;/strong>
中序：左-&amp;gt;根-&amp;gt;右&lt;br>
后序：左-&amp;gt;右-&amp;gt;根 &lt;strong>约等于对应自底向上&lt;/strong>
层序：按层从上到下、从左到右遍历。&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;p>&lt;img src="https://hych0317.github.io/hugoweb_auto/hugoweb_auto/post/programming/notes/assets/btTraversal.png"
loading="lazy"
alt="二叉树遍历"
>&lt;/p>
&lt;p>从整体视角看，&lt;strong>dfs函数返回当前节点的左右子树&lt;/strong>（子树内部也按顺序排列）
可以看到前序遍历的分布为根，左子树，右子树&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
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&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="n">递归中序遍历&lt;/span>&lt;span class="err">，&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">前&lt;/span>&lt;span class="err">、&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">后序即改变result&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">add位置&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">void&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">dfs&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">List&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Integer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">list&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dfs&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">result&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 左子树&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">result&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">add&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">val&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 代码处理部分&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dfs&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">result&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 右子树&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">层序遍历&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 也可以是Queue&amp;lt;TreeNode&amp;gt; queue = new LinkedList&amp;lt;&amp;gt;(); Deque支持更多操作，性能更好&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Deque&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ArrayDeque&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">offer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">while&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">isEmpty&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">())&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">size&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">size&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// size为当前层节点数，避免处理下一层节点&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">List&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Integer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">level&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ArrayList&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">size&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">poll&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">level&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">add&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">val&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">offer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">offer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">result&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">add&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">level&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">result&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;p>（处理节点时会按序访问其左右子节点。由于代码会自动拦截空节点，因此适用于任意形态的二叉树，无需局限于满二叉树）&lt;/p>
&lt;p>&lt;strong>通用遍历标记法：&lt;/strong>
压入null表示已处理该节点的子节点，可以直接读取它的值。&lt;/p>
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&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="n">Stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">push&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">while&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">isEmpty&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">())&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">pop&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 示例：中序&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">push&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 右&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">push&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 中&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">push&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 标记位&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">push&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 左&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">else&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 遇到null，说明下一个节点是需要被处理的根节点&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">result&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">add&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">pop&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">().&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">val&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;ol start="3">
&lt;li>存储方式：顺序存储、链式存储。
顺序存储即使用数组，适合完全二叉树。节点i的左子节点为2i+1，右子节点为2i+2。&lt;br>
链式存储即使用节点类，适合各种二叉树。&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;h3 id="递归问题">递归问题
&lt;/h3>&lt;p>从局部到全局，&lt;strong>每个节点的处理都遵循相同的原则&lt;/strong>，因此可以递归。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>构建递归函数：&lt;/p>
&lt;ol>
&lt;li>&lt;strong>信息传递&lt;/strong>：需要谁的？给谁传递？
自底向上（110、236题）：需要子节点信息，给父节点返回信息。虽然节点是从上到下访问的，但信息传递方向从下到上。
自顶向下（98、257题）：需要父节点信息，给子节点传递信息。&lt;/li>
&lt;li>&lt;strong>递归出口&lt;/strong>：
节点为 null 或 叶子节点 时，做特殊处理。&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;h3 id="题目-3">题目
&lt;/h3>&lt;h4 id="深度与路径类">深度与路径类
&lt;/h4>&lt;p>&lt;em>&lt;strong>引子：513. 找树左下角的值&lt;/strong>&lt;/em>
方法1：递归
构建函数思路：根据信息判断&lt;/p>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>二叉树节点的信息：a.左右子节点，b.节点值。&lt;br>
需要的信息：c.当前节点所在深度。&lt;/li>
&lt;li>函数需要完成的：
提供递归出口
进行处理（b,c）
访问左右子节点（a）&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
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&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kd">private&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">maxDepth&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">private&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">leftmostValue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">findBottomLeftValue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dfs&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">leftmostValue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">private&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">void&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">dfs&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">depth&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">depth&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">maxDepth&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">maxDepth&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">depth&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">leftmostValue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">val&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dfs&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">depth&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 先访问左子节点，该函数会更新maxDepth，因此访问同一层右子节点时不会覆盖结果。&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dfs&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">depth&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">方法2&lt;/span>&lt;span class="err">：&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">层序遍历&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">调换左右节点入队顺序&lt;/span>&lt;span class="err">，&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">每层最后一个被弹出的节点为最左节点&lt;/span>&lt;span class="err">，&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">就无需额外的判断了&lt;/span>&lt;span class="err">。&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">findBottomLeftValue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">LinkedList&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">offer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">while&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">isEmpty&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">())&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">poll&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">offer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">offer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">val&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 最后一个被弹出的就是最左下角的&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;ol start="111">
&lt;li>二叉树的最小深度
最大深度只需要看层序遍历的总层数，而最小深度需要在遍历过程中判断是否为叶子节点。&lt;br>
因为层序遍历自上而下、从左到右，因此当遇到第一个叶子节点时，当前层数即为最小深度。&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;p>第112题.路径总和 的层序遍历解法采用了两个队列同步出入队列，一个存储节点，一个存储当前路径和。不具体展开了。&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
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&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="c1">// 层序遍历：当遇到第一个叶子节点时，当前层数即为最小深度。&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">while&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">isEmpty&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()){&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">size&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">size&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">depth&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">cur&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">size&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">cur&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">poll&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">cur&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;amp;&amp;amp;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">cur&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">){&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">//直接返回最小深度&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">depth&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">cur&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">offer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">cur&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">cur&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">offer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">cur&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 递归&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">minDepth&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">m1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">minDepth&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">m2&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">minDepth&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 注意：如果有一个子树为空，判断语句返回0，会导致结果错误，需要特殊处理。&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 如果有一个子树为空，返回 m1 + m2 + 1 （m1或m2有一个为0）&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 如果都不为空，返回 min(m1, m2) + 1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">||&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">?&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">m1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">m2&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">:&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Math&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">min&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">m1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">m2&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;ol start="257">
&lt;li>二叉树的所有路径
子节点需要父节点信息（路径），因此自顶向下递归。&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
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&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kd">class&lt;/span> &lt;span class="nc">Solution&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">List&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">String&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">binaryTreePaths&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">List&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">String&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">res&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ArrayList&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">constructPaths&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="s">&amp;#34;&amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">res&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">res&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">private&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">void&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">constructPaths&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">String&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">path&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">List&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">String&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">res&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">path&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Integer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">toString&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">val&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;amp;&amp;amp;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">res&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">add&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">path&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">else&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">path&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="s">&amp;#34;-&amp;gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">constructPaths&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">path&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">res&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">constructPaths&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">path&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">res&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;h4 id="树的属性判断类">树的属性判断类
&lt;/h4>&lt;p>&lt;em>&lt;strong>98. 验证二叉搜索树&lt;/strong>&lt;/em>
自顶向下传递父节点范围，判断当前节点是否在区间内。&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code>&lt;span class="lnt">1
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">2
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">3
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">4
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">5
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&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>
&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">boolean&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">isValidBST&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">isValidBST&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Long&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">MIN_VALUE&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Long&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">MAX_VALUE&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 注意这里Long大写L&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">private&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">boolean&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">isValidBST&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">long&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">min&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">long&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">max&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">true&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">val&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">min&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">||&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">val&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">max&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">false&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">isValidBST&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">min&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">val&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;amp;&amp;amp;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">isValidBST&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">val&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">max&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;p>&lt;em>&lt;strong>101. 对称二叉树&lt;/strong>&lt;/em>&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code>&lt;span class="lnt">1
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">2
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&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">4
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&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>
&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">boolean&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">isSymmetric&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">true&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dfs&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">private&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">boolean&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">dfs&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;amp;&amp;amp;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">true&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">||&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">||&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">val&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">val&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">false&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dfs&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;amp;&amp;amp;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dfs&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;ol start="110">
&lt;li>平衡二叉树
父节点需要子节点信息（高度），因此自底向上递归。&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code>&lt;span class="lnt"> 1
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&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>
&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kd">class&lt;/span> &lt;span class="nc">Solution&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">boolean&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">isBalanced&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">height&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!=-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">private&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">height&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 递归出口&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 获取左右子树高度并剪枝&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">leftHeight&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">height&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">leftHeight&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 剪枝&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">rightHeight&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">height&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">rightHeight&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 剪枝&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 对信息进行处理&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Math&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">abs&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">leftHeight&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">rightHeight&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 返回当前节点高度&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Math&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">max&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">leftHeight&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">rightHeight&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;h4 id="节点处理类">节点处理类
&lt;/h4>&lt;p>&lt;em>&lt;strong>116.&lt;/strong>&lt;/em> 填充每个节点的下一个右侧节点指针
给定一个完美二叉树，填充每个节点的 next 指针，使其指向下一个右侧节点。如果找不到下一个右侧节点，则将 next 指针设置为 NULL。&lt;/p>
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&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="c1">// 1. 递归，不适用于任意形态的二叉树&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">connect&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">leftmost&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">while&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">leftmost&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">head&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">leftmost&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">while&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">head&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">head&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">next&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">head&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 同一父节点的左右子节点连接&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">head&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">next&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">head&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">next&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">head&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">next&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 不同父节点的子节点连接&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">head&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">head&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">next&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 同一层的下一个父节点&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">leftmost&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">leftmost&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 下一层的最左节点&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 2. 层序遍历，都适用&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">connect&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">LinkedList&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">offer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">while&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">isEmpty&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">())&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">size&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">size&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">prev&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">size&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">poll&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">prev&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">prev&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">next&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">prev&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">offer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">queue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">offer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;ol start="236">
&lt;li>二叉树的最近公共祖先
传递的信息：当前节点及其子树&lt;strong>是否包含p或q&lt;/strong>，自底向上&lt;br>
代码的设计：直接用null表示不包含；直接将节点作为返回值，不需要额外的变量记录答案。&lt;br>
对于四种情况的讨论：
1.均为空：不包含，返回null
2.一个空一个不空：两种情况，非空的那个节点要么表示包含了p或q；要么此时非空的那个已经在公共祖先节点上方，其指向的已经是公共祖先节点，回传即可
3.两个都非空：说明当前root即是公共祖先节点，回传&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code>&lt;span class="lnt"> 1
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&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">lowestCommonAncestor&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">p&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">q&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">||&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">p&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">||&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">q&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">lowestCommonAncestor&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">p&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">q&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">lowestCommonAncestor&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">p&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">q&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 对于left/right的四种情况判断（有有、有无、无有、无无）&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 两个都非空&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;ol start="968">
&lt;li>监控二叉树
题目描述：给定一个二叉树，我们在树的节点上安装摄像头，摄像头可以监视其父节点、自身和直接子节点。计算监控整棵树所需的最少摄像头数量。&lt;br>
解法：&lt;strong>后序遍历（自底向上）&lt;/strong>，根据左右子节点的状态判断自身状态，贪心决定是否放置摄像头。&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code>&lt;span class="lnt"> 1
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&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ans&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">minCameraCover&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dfs&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ans&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ans&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 定义三个状态：0：该节点未被覆盖&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 1：安装了摄像头；2：已被覆盖，但没摄像头&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">private&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">dfs&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">2&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dfs&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dfs&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">||&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 有一个没有就需要安装&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ans&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">||&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">2&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 有子节点装了，被覆盖到&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;ol start="404">
&lt;li>左叶子之和
注意到叶子节点本身并不能判断其是否为左叶子节点。&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code>&lt;span class="lnt"> 1
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&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>
&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="c1">// 父级预判：通过root.left判断是左叶子。&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">sumOfLeftLeaves&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">sum&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;amp;&amp;amp;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;amp;&amp;amp;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">sum&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">val&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">sum&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">sumOfLeftLeaves&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">sumOfLeftLeaves&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 叶子节点作为递归出口：添加标记&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">sumOfLeftLeaves&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dfs&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">false&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 根节点不是任何人的左孩子&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">private&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">dfs&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">boolean&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">isLeft&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;amp;&amp;amp;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">isLeft&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">?&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">val&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">:&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 左true 右false&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dfs&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">true&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dfs&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">node&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">false&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;h4 id="区间切分构造类">区间切分构造类
&lt;/h4>&lt;ol start="654">
&lt;li>最大二叉树&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code>&lt;span class="lnt"> 1
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&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">21
&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>
&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">constructMaximumBinaryTree&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">build&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">private&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">build&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 注意等于号&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">maxIndex&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">maxIndex&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">maxIndex&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">maxIndex&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 注意向下传递的左右边界&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">build&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">maxIndex&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">build&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">maxIndex&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;p>&lt;em>&lt;strong>⭐106. 从中序与后序遍历序列构造二叉树&lt;/strong>&lt;/em>
后序遍历顺序是 左 → 右 → 根，倒着读就是 根 → 右 → 左&lt;br>
从后序序列获取第一个根节点-&amp;gt;在中序序列中找到，切分左右子树-&amp;gt;从后序序列找到左右子树的根节点&lt;/p>
&lt;p>前序序列也是同理&lt;/p>
&lt;p>注意postIndex的全局/局部问题：&lt;/p>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>如果为全局指针，，则每次递归&amp;ndash;；&lt;/li>
&lt;li>如果为局部变量，则需要记录子树长度，根据区间长度计算。&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
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&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kd">private&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Map&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Integer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Integer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">indexMap&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">private&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">postorder&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">private&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">postIndex&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">buildTree&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">inorder&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">postorder&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">this&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">postorder&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">postorder&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">this&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">postIndex&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">postorder&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 从最后开始读取&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">this&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">indexMap&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">HashMap&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">inorder&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">indexMap&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">put&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">inorder&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">build&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">inorder&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">private&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">build&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">inLeft&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">inRight&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">inLeft&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">inRight&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">rootVal&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">postorder&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">postIndex&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">--]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">rootVal&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">rootIndex&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">indexMap&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">get&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">rootVal&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 全局指针，根右左遍历的顺序不可以换&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">build&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">rootIndex&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">inRight&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">build&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">inLeft&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">rootIndex&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 前序数组的局部index写法&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">private&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">build&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">preIndex&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">begin&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">end&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">begin&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">end&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">null&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">rootVal&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">preorder&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">preIndex&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">inIndex&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">indexMap&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">get&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">rootVal&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">TreeNode&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">rootVal&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">leftLen&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">inIndex&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">begin&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">build&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">preIndex&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">begin&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">inIndex&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">build&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">preIndex&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">leftLen&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">inIndex&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">end&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">root&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;h2 id="动态规划">动态规划
&lt;/h2>&lt;p>动态规划：&lt;strong>将复杂问题分解为更小子问题&lt;/strong>。&lt;br>
初始状态-&amp;gt;子问题-&amp;gt;最终状态 遵循相同的原则，因此可以递推。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>核心要素：发现复杂问题可以由子问题递推。&lt;/p>
&lt;ol>
&lt;li>将什么状态定义为dp数组（注意初始化，一般求什么就定义什么）&lt;/li>
&lt;li>状态转移方程&lt;/li>
&lt;li>遍历顺序&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;p>Debug：打印dp数组&lt;/p>
&lt;h3 id="题目-4">题目
&lt;/h3>&lt;p>&lt;em>&lt;strong>70.&lt;/strong>&lt;/em> 爬楼梯
dp[i]： 爬到第i层楼梯，有dp[i]种方法&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code>&lt;span class="lnt">1
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">2
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">3
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&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="n">dp&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">m&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 一次能爬 1~m 步&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dp&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dp&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dp&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;p>状态转移方程为： dp[i] = sum(dp[i-j]) (1&amp;lt;=j&amp;lt;=m)
由于遍历时只用到前m项，可以用m个变量代替dp数组，降低空间复杂度。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>&lt;em>&lt;strong>746.&lt;/strong>&lt;/em> 使用最小花费爬楼梯&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code>&lt;span class="lnt">1
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">2
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&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dpi&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Math&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">min&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dp0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">cost&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">2&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dp1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">cost&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dp0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dp1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dp1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dpi&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;p>为什么dp0，dp1的更新只跨一步？只和遍历顺序有关。
遍历顺序为i++，遍历顺序不是最终路径。因此跨越一步或者两步与遍历顺序无关。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>&lt;em>&lt;strong>62.&lt;/strong>&lt;/em> 不同路径
dp[i][j] = dp[i - 1][j] + dp[i][j - 1]&lt;/p>
&lt;p>&lt;em>&lt;strong>96.&lt;/strong>&lt;/em> 不同的二叉搜索树
令 dp[i] 表示 i 个节点能构成的 BST 数量，dp[0]=1。
对于节点数为i（1&amp;lt;=i&amp;lt;=n），选择j(0 &amp;lt;= j &amp;lt;= i-1)为左子树节点数（根节点占一个），此时左子树由j个节点构成，右子树由i-j-1个节点构成。
因此子问题求解为 dp[i]=sum(dp[j] * dp[i-j-1])，即状态转移方程。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>&lt;em>&lt;strong>198.&lt;/strong>&lt;/em> 打家劫舍&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code>&lt;span class="lnt">1
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&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dp&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dp&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">3&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dp&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Math&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">max&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dp&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dp&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">2&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dp&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;h4 id="背包问题">背包问题
&lt;/h4>&lt;p>状态定义：&lt;/p>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>dp[j]：容量为 j 的背包，所能装下的最大价值&lt;/li>
&lt;li>dp[j - weight[i]]：容量为 j - weight[i] 的背包，所能装下的最大价值&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;p>状态转移：&lt;/p>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>01背包：每个物品选择一次或不选。&lt;/li>
&lt;li>完全背包：每个物品可选择多次。&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;p>具体类型：&lt;/p>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>最大价值：dp[j] = Math.max(dp[j], dp[j - cost] + value)&lt;/li>
&lt;li>共有几种划分方法：dp[j] += dp[j - cost]&lt;/li>
&lt;li>能否划分成功：dp[j] = dp[j] || dp[j - cost]&lt;/li>
&lt;li>最多/最少用几个数字：dp[j] = Math.[max/min](dp[j], dp[j - cost] + 1)&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;p>&lt;strong>最大价值问题&lt;/strong>&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code>&lt;span class="lnt"> 1
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 2
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 3
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 4
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 5
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&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="c1">// M 种研究材料，costs[i]，values[i];背包总空间为 N&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dp&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">N&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">M&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 内层循环j--。同746题，遍历顺序!=最终路径 &lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">N&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">costs&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">--&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 01背包倒序，完全背包正序&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dp&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Math&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">max&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dp&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dp&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">costs&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">values&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 不选择or选择&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dp&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">N&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;p>&lt;strong>划分成功问题&lt;/strong>
&lt;em>&lt;strong>416.&lt;/strong>&lt;/em> 分割等和子集
[1,5,11,5] -&amp;gt; true&lt;br>
背包容量 sum/2，物品为 nums 数组。&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code>&lt;span class="lnt"> 1
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 2
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 3
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 4
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&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>
&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">sum&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">%&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">2&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">false&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">target&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">sum&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">/&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">2&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">boolean&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dp&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">boolean&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">target&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dp&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">true&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">num&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">:&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">target&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">num&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">--&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dp&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dp&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">||&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dp&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">num&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dp&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">target&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;p>&lt;strong>多维背包：&lt;/strong>
&lt;em>&lt;strong>474.&lt;/strong>&lt;/em> 一和零&lt;/p>
&lt;h2 id="贪心算法">贪心算法
&lt;/h2>&lt;ol start="134">
&lt;li>加油站
如果从加油站A出发最远只能到达加油站B，那么A B之间的任何一个加油站作为起点，都不可能越过B点。&lt;br>
所以下一个出发点直接选为(B+1)，使得只需要遍历一次数组。&lt;br>
（题目规定存在解是唯一的，因此只要totalOil证明存在后，新的index无需循环遍历数组证明存在）&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code>&lt;span class="lnt"> 1
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 2
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 3
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 4
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 5
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 6
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&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>
&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">canCompleteCircuit&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">gas&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">cost&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">totalOil&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">index&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">currOil&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">gas&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">diff&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">gas&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">cost&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">totalOil&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">diff&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">currOil&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">diff&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">currOil&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">index&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">currOil&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">totalOil&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">?&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">:&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">index&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;ol start="45">
&lt;li>跳跃游戏 II
返回到达 n - 1 的最小跳跃次数。
注意，nums数组的值表示在该位置可以跳跃的最大距离，可以跳到该距离内任意一个点。&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code>&lt;span class="lnt"> 1
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 2
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 3
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 4
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 5
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 6
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 7
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 8
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 9
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">10
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">11
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">12
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">13
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">14
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">15
&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>
&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">jump&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">cnt&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">max&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">end&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">max&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Math&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">max&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">max&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 当前一跳覆盖范围是i~end之间，范围内的每个点都可以作为下一跳的出发点&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 不关心具体在哪个点起跳，只关心最远范围，更新max&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">end&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">cnt&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">end&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">max&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">cnt&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;ol start="738">
&lt;li>单调递增的数字
如果不递增，则将该位开始的低位设为9并借位减一。
从后往前遍历。&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code>&lt;span class="lnt"> 1
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&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>
&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">monotoneIncreasingDigits&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">String&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">s&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Integer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">toString&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">char&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">chars&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">s&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">toCharArray&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// start 记录从哪一位开始全部变为 9&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">start&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">chars&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">chars&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">--&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">chars&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">chars&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">chars&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]--&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">start&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">start&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">chars&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">chars&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="sc">&amp;#39;9&amp;#39;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Integer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">valueOf&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">String&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">valueOf&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">chars&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">));&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;h3 id="两个维度">两个维度
&lt;/h3>&lt;p>&lt;em>&lt;strong>⭐135. 分发糖果&lt;/strong>&lt;/em>
问题有两个维度的约束，既要和左边比又要和右边比。&lt;br>
分别从左右两个方向遍历。&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code>&lt;span class="lnt"> 1
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 2
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 3
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&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>
&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">candy&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ratings&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ratings&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">candyVec&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Arrays&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">fill&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">candyVec&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 从前向后遍历&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ratings&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ratings&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ratings&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">candyVec&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">candyVec&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 从后向前遍历&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ratings&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">--&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ratings&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ratings&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">candyVec&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Math&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">max&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">candyVec&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">candyVec&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">result&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">s&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">:&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">candyVec&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">result&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">s&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">result&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 如果candy数组不赋初始值1，则如下表示&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 前向后遍历&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;amp;&amp;amp;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ratings&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ratings&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">candyVec&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">candyVec&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">else&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">candyVec&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;ol start="406">
&lt;li>根据身高重建队列
先按身高降序排序，再按k值直接插入（小个子插入不影响高个子）
注意：比较器返回负数则升序，返回正数则降序。通过改变比较逻辑实现不同排序。&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
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&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[][]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">reconstructQueue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[][]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">people&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 身高从大到小排（身高相同，k小的站前面）&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Arrays&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">sort&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">people&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// k小在前&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// h小在后&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">});&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ArrayList&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">que&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ArrayList&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">p&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">:&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">people&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">que&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">add&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">p&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">p&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 因为降序排序，因此k值就是p应该在的索引位置&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">que&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">toArray&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">que&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">size&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">][]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;h3 id="区间调度">区间调度
&lt;/h3>&lt;p>&lt;em>&lt;strong>435. 无重叠区间&lt;/strong>&lt;/em>
返回需要移除的重叠区间的最小数量&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
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&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">eraseOverlapIntervals&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[][]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">intervals&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">intervals&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 按区间的结束位置升序排序&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Arrays&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">sort&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">intervals&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">a&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">b&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">a&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">b&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;});&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">count&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 记录非重叠区间的数量，初始为1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">edge&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">intervals&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">][&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 记录当前非重叠区间的右边界&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">intervals&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">intervals&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">][&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">edge&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 注意此处，大于右边界&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">count&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">edge&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">intervals&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">][&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">intervals&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">count&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;ol start="56">
&lt;li>合并区间
合并所有重叠的区间&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code>&lt;span class="lnt"> 1
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&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>
&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[][]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">merge&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[][]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">intervals&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">intervals&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">intervals&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Arrays&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">sort&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">intervals&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">a&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">b&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">a&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">b&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 起点升序排序&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">List&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">res&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ArrayList&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">curr&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">intervals&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">res&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">add&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">curr&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">interval&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">:&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">intervals&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">currEnd&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">curr&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nextStart&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">interval&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nextEnd&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">interval&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">currEnd&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nextStart&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">curr&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Math&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">max&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">curr&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nextEnd&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// res中存的是curr地址，会同步更新&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">else&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">curr&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">interval&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">res&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">add&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">curr&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">res&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">toArray&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">res&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">size&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">][]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;h2 id="回溯算法">回溯算法
&lt;/h2>&lt;p>回溯通常维护一个全局的共享状态。大多应用于在不同的分支中探索 并 穷举所有可能性。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>回溯的题目代码都大同小异。
&lt;em>&lt;strong>39. 组合总和&lt;/strong>&lt;/em>&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code>&lt;span class="lnt"> 1
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&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">List&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">List&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Integer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">combinationSum&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">candidates&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">target&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">List&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">List&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Integer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">result&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ArrayList&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">backtrack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">candidates&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">target&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ArrayList&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(),&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">result&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">result&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">private&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">void&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">backtrack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">candidates&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">target&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">start&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">List&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Integer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">path&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">List&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">List&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Integer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">result&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">target&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">result&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">add&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ArrayList&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">path&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">));&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">start&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">candidates&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">candidates&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">target&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">path&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">add&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">candidates&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">backtrack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">candidates&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">target&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">candidates&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">path&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">result&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 此处可以选择重复，因此start还是i。对于40题非重复就是i+1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">path&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">remove&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">path&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">size&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;p>&lt;em>&lt;strong>79. 单词搜索&lt;/strong>&lt;/em>
遍历每一个起点，dfs每次探索四个方向，通过边界判断返回。&lt;br>
注意修改当前位置字符，dfs完后改回。回溯就体现在这里。&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
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&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">boolean&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">exist&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">char&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[][]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">board&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">String&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">word&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">m&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">board&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">board&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">m&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dfs&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">board&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">word&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">))&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">true&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">false&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">private&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">boolean&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">dfs&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">char&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[][]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">board&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">String&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">word&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">k&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">k&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">word&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">())&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">true&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">||&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">board&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">||&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">||&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">board&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">||&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">board&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">][&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">word&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">charAt&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">k&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">))&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">false&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">char&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">temp&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">board&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">][&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">board&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">][&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="sc">&amp;#39;*&amp;#39;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 将当前位改为非字母，避免后续重复使用。注意是单引号符合char，不可以是双引号&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">boolean&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">res&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dfs&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">board&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">word&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">k&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">||&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dfs&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">board&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">word&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">k&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">||&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dfs&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">board&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">word&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">k&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">||&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dfs&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">board&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">word&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">k&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">board&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">][&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">temp&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">res&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;p>&lt;em>&lt;strong>131. 分割回文串&lt;/strong>&lt;/em>
子字符串是连续的，因此如果当前不是回文串就不用往深探索了。&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
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&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kd">class&lt;/span> &lt;span class="nc">Solution&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">List&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">List&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">String&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">partition&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">String&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">s&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">List&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">List&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">String&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">res&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ArrayList&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dfs&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">s&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ArrayList&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(),&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">res&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">res&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">void&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">dfs&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">String&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">s&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">start&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">List&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">String&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">path&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">List&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">List&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">String&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">res&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">){&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">start&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">s&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()){&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">res&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">add&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ArrayList&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">path&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">));&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">start&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">s&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">){&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">isPalindrome&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">s&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">start&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)){&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">path&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">add&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">s&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">substring&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">start&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">));&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 左闭右开，所以到i+1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">dfs&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">s&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">path&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">res&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">path&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">remove&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">path&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">size&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">private&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">boolean&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">isPalindrome&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">String&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">s&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">begin&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">end&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">){&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">while&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">begin&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">end&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">){&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">s&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">charAt&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">begin&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">s&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">charAt&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">end&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">--&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)){&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">false&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kc">true&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;ol start="491">
&lt;li>递增子序列
主要注意去重的方式。&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code>&lt;span class="lnt"> 1
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&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">List&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">List&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Integer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">findSubsequences&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">List&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">List&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Integer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">res&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ArrayList&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">backtrack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ArrayList&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(),&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">res&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">res&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">private&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">void&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">backtrack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">start&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">List&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Integer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">path&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">List&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">List&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Integer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">res&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">path&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">size&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">2&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">res&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">add&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ArrayList&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">path&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">));&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Set&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Integer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">used&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">HashSet&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">start&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">((&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">path&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">isEmpty&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;amp;&amp;amp;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">path&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">get&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">path&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">size&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">))&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">||&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">used&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">contains&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">))&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">continue&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">used&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">add&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">path&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">add&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">backtrack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">path&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">res&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">path&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">remove&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">path&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">size&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;h2 id="单调栈队列">单调栈/队列
&lt;/h2>&lt;p>适用于需要&lt;strong>找到第一个满足条件的元素&lt;/strong>的题目。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>可以理解为排队，每次遇到新元素，while比较栈顶元素与新元素的关系？满足则出队：不满足继续排队。
&lt;strong>新元素第一次肯定入队&lt;/strong>。因为比新元素小/大的元素都会被弹出。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>单调栈的本质是空间换时间，在一次遍历中维护一个单调递增/递减的栈。&lt;/p>
&lt;h3 id="题目-5">题目
&lt;/h3>&lt;p>&lt;em>&lt;strong>42. 接雨水&lt;/strong>&lt;/em>
当前元素作为&lt;em>坑底&lt;/em>，找到左右第一个比它更高的元素，计算雨水量。&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code>&lt;span class="lnt"> 1
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&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="c1">// 双指针法：从两端向中间遍历，更新左右最大高度，计算雨水量。&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">trap&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">height&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">height&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 双指针&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">leftMax&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">rightMax&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ans&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">while&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">height&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">height&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 短板效应，更新较矮的指针&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">height&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">leftMax&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">leftMax&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">height&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">else&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ans&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">leftMax&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">height&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">else&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">height&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">rightMax&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">rightMax&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">height&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">else&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ans&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">rightMax&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">height&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">right&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">--&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ans&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 单调栈法：遍历数组时，单调栈会找到当前元素作为*坑底*，左右第一个比它更高的元素，计算雨水量。&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 完备性讨论：算法遍历了每个元素，找到其对应的最大左右边界，因此算法是完备的。&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">trap&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">height&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ans&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Deque&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Integer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ArrayDeque&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">height&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">while&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">isEmpty&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;amp;&amp;amp;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">height&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">height&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">peek&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">top&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">pop&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">isEmpty&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">())&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">break&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">peek&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">width&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">boundedHeight&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Math&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">min&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">height&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">height&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">left&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">height&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">top&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ans&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">width&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">*&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">boundedHeight&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">push&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ans&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;p>&lt;em>&lt;strong>⭐84. 柱状图中最大的矩形&lt;/strong>&lt;/em>
当前元素作为&lt;em>矩形高度&lt;/em>。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>接雨水找到两侧第一个比当前柱子更高的柱子，计算面积；本题找到两侧第一个比当前柱子更矮的柱子，计算面积。&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
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&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">largestRectangleArea&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">heights&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Integer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">maxArea&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">heights&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">currentHeight&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">heights&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">?&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">:&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">heights&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 最后多加一个0，保证所有柱子都能出栈&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">while&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">isEmpty&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;amp;&amp;amp;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">currentHeight&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">heights&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">peek&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">height&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">heights&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">pop&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">width&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">isEmpty&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">?&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">:&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">peek&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">maxArea&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Math&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">max&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">maxArea&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">height&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">*&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">width&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">push&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">maxArea&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 双指针法：预处理每个柱子左右第一个比它更矮的柱子索引，计算面积(minRightIndex[i]-minLeftIndex[i]-1)*heights[i]。&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;p>完备性讨论：&lt;/p>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>怀疑：对于1 4 2 3中的4来说，其左右均边没有更高的柱子，面积为4。但其组成的最大矩形面积应为4 2 3组成的6。
4 2 3组成的6实际是以2为高求得的矩形面积，而不是以4为高。&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;p>这并不代表算法不完备，因为算法的目标是遍历每个柱子为高的最大矩形面积，之后比较出全局最大面积。而不是直接找到全局最大矩形面积。&lt;/p>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>证明：算法&lt;strong>遍历了以每根柱子i&lt;/strong>为高的矩形面积，并通过单调栈找到每根柱子对应的最大宽度。&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;p>&lt;em>&lt;strong>85. 最大矩形&lt;/strong>&lt;/em>
通过遍历每一行，将矩阵问题转化为上题的直方图问题。&lt;/p>
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&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">m&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">matrix&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">][&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">==&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="sc">&amp;#39;1&amp;#39;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">heights&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">else&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">heights&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">j&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">maxArea&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Math&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">max&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">maxArea&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">maxRecArea&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">heights&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">));&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 处理函数&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kd">private&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">maxRecArea&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">heights&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">heights&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Integer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">maxArea&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">h&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">+&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">2&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">System&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">arraycopy&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">heights&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">h&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">h&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">while&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">isEmpty&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;amp;&amp;amp;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">h&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">h&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">peek&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">height&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">h&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">pop&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">width&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">peek&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">maxArea&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Math&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">max&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">maxArea&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">height&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">*&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">width&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">push&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">maxArea&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;p>&lt;em>&lt;strong>739. 每日温度&lt;/strong>&lt;/em>
ans[i]求第一个比第i天温度高的日期距离i几天。
解题需要获取某天温度和更高温度的索引差，因此单调栈存放索引。&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code>&lt;span class="lnt">1
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">2
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">3
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&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>
&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">currentTemp&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">temperatures&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 当栈不为空，且当前温度大于栈顶索引对应的温度时&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">while&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">isEmpty&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;amp;&amp;amp;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">currentTemp&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">temperatures&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">peek&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ans&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">pop&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">prevIndex&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">push&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;p>&lt;em>&lt;strong>496. 下一个更大元素 I&lt;/strong>&lt;/em>
找出 nums1 中每个元素在 nums2 中的下一个更大元素，没有则返回-1。
结果要求元素的值，因此单调栈存放元素值。&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code>&lt;span class="lnt"> 1
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 2
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt"> 3
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&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>
&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kd">public&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="nf">nextGreaterElement&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums2&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// Map 用于存储 nums2 中每个元素及其对应的下一个更大元素&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Map&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Integer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Integer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">map&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">HashMap&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Deque&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">Integer&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">ArrayDeque&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">();&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 遍历 nums2 构建单调栈&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">num&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">:&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums2&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">while&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">isEmpty&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;amp;&amp;amp;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">num&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">peek&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">())&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">map&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">put&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">pop&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(),&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">num&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">push&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">num&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">res&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">new&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">length&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">res&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">map&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">getOrDefault&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">-&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 没有更大的元素，返回-1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">res&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;p>&lt;em>&lt;strong>503. 下一个更大元素 II&lt;/strong>&lt;/em>
注意要循环数组，注意三点：&lt;br>
1.需要遍历两遍数组for (int i = 0; i &amp;lt; 2*n; i++)
2.栈内存放索引时需要对n取模stack.push(i%n)
3.只有i &amp;lt; n时才入栈，保证栈内元素索引不重复&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code>&lt;span class="lnt">1
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">2
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">3
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">4
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">5
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">6
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">7
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">8
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">9
&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>
&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">2&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">*&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">num&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">%&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 单调栈逻辑：如果当前元素大于栈顶索引对应的元素&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">while&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">!&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">isEmpty&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;amp;&amp;amp;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">num&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">nums&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">peek&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">res&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">[&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">pop&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">]&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">num&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="c1">// 只需要在第一轮遍历时将索引入栈&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">if&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w"> &lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">stack&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">.&lt;/span>&lt;span class="na">push&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">);&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="w">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>&lt;span class="w">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div></description></item><item><title>报错总结</title><link>https://hych0317.github.io/hugoweb_auto/p/%E6%8A%A5%E9%94%99%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93/</link><pubDate>Thu, 21 Nov 2024 14:21:14 +0800</pubDate><guid>https://hych0317.github.io/hugoweb_auto/p/%E6%8A%A5%E9%94%99%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93/</guid><description>&lt;h2 id="环境错误">环境错误
&lt;/h2>&lt;h3 id="llava">LLaVA
&lt;/h3>&lt;p>解决LLaVA error：ImportError: cannot import name &amp;lsquo;LlavaLlamaForCausalLM&amp;rsquo; from &amp;rsquo;llava.model&amp;rsquo;&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
&lt;table class="lntable">&lt;tr>&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code>&lt;span class="lnt">1
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">2
&lt;/span>&lt;span class="lnt">3
&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>
&lt;td class="lntd">
&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">pip uninstall flash-attn
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">pip install -e &lt;span class="s2">&amp;#34;.[train]&amp;#34;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">pip install flash-attn --no-build-isolation --no-cache-dir
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;h3 id="git">GIT
&lt;/h3>&lt;p>git error:fatal: the remote end hung up unexpectedly
fatal: early EOF
网络问题，重新下载&lt;/p>
&lt;h3 id="kafka">Kafka
&lt;/h3>&lt;p>windows启动流程：
第一步：生成集群ID
.\bin\windows\kafka-storage.bat random-uuid
第二步：格式化存储目录
.\bin\windows\kafka-storage.bat format -t &amp;lt;你的集群ID&amp;gt; -c .\config\server.properties &amp;lt;&amp;ndash;standalone&amp;gt;
第三步：启动Kafka
.\bin\windows\kafka-server-start.bat .\config\server.properties&lt;/p>
&lt;h2 id="机器学习库错误">机器学习库错误
&lt;/h2>&lt;h3 id="torch">torch
&lt;/h3>&lt;p>error:module &amp;rsquo;torch.library&amp;rsquo; has no attribute &amp;lsquo;register_fake&amp;rsquo;
torch和torchvision不匹配&lt;/p>
&lt;h3 id="nvidia-cuda">NVIDIA CUDA
&lt;/h3>&lt;p>error：libcusparse.so.12: undefined symbol: __nvJitLinkAddData_12_1, version libnvJitLink.so.12
一般是重装torch（pip uninstall、pip install）解决，还有人提到软链接方法，优先考虑torch安装顺序的原因&lt;/p>
&lt;h3 id="transformers">transformers
&lt;/h3>&lt;h2 id="程序写法错误">程序写法错误
&lt;/h2></description></item></channel></rss>